The development of a competency-based assessment rubric to measure resident milestones.

BACKGROUND The outcomes-based assessment rubric is a novel systematic instrument for documenting improvement in clinical learning. APPROACH This article describes the development of a rubric aimed at introducing specific performance indicators to measure the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies. RESULTS The potential benefits and implications for medical education include specifying performance indicators and outcomes, ensuring that assessment is coherent and consistent for all residents, measuring resident outcomes based on real-life criteria, providing opportunities for residents to demonstrate proficiency in a specific competency and outcome level, and improving the quality of assessment.